Laryngitis refers to when the vocal cords or voice box in the throat become swollen and irritated. It can happen suddenly, getting worse within the first three days before going away by itself in one to two weeks^[1].

The symptoms can include a sore throat, a hoarse or croaky voice, losing your voice, a cough that won’t go away, and the need to frequently clear your throat. If a child has laryngitis, they may also have a high temperature of 38 degrees or above, a decreased appetite and, rarely, difficulty breathing.

It is possible to treat laryngitis yourself at home without needing to see a GP. Make sure you drink lots of fluids and speak as little as possible to not strain your voice. You should not smoke or drink too much alcohol or caffeine, and avoid spending time in places that are smoky or dusty. To help soothe your sore throat, you can take over-the-counter painkillers, such as paracetamol. Your local pharmacist may be able to suggest an effective cough syrup, such as Ultra Chloraseptic’s soothing throat spray. You can also gargle salt water. (Not recommended for children).^[1]

But what causes this illness, is it infectious and just how common is it? Keep reading to learn more about laryngitis.

What causes laryngitis?

In most cases, laryngitis develops when you have a viral infection, such as a cold or the flu. (Pharyngitis and tonsillitis can also cause it.) Damage to your larynx, such as straining your voice, can lead to this laryngitis as well.

Allergies to dust and fumes, or a persistent cough, can occasionally cause it. Sometimes, laryngitis can even be caused by acid reflux – when the acid in your stomach rises up into your throat^[2].

Is it infectious?

Laryngitis is not always infectious. However, when it’s caused by an infection, it can spread from one person to another. 
You can reduce your chances of developing laryngitis in a number of ways such as by making sure you have your annual flu vaccination. Make sure to wash your hands regularly, especially before and after eating, and after you’ve been to the toilet^[1].

You can also minimise your chances of getting ill by avoiding people with respiratory infections, such as colds or the flu, and avoiding irritants, such as dust or smoke. Try to keep your alcohol consumption to a minimum and, if you smoke, try to give up^[1].

It can also help to refrain from clearing your throat, as this can irritate the larynx, and you shouldn’t shout or sing loudly for long periods of time^[2].

How common is laryngitis?

Most adults develop laryngitis every couple of years, and some people are more prone to suffering from this condition than others.

For the majority of people, it is a temporary condition which improves by itself within a couple of weeks. This is known as acute laryngitis. If the symptoms last longer than three weeks, this is considered to be chronic laryngitis^[1].

Although laryngitis can go away by itself, if your symptoms persist and have not improved after two weeks, or if it is painful or difficult to swallow, it’s a good idea to see your GP. The specialist will examine your throat and may prescribe antibiotics if necessary. Your doctor may refer you to an ear, nose and throat specialist if you repeatedly develop laryngitis.

Resources

[1] https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laryngitis/

[2] https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/ears-nose-and-throat/laryngitis/